The heart muscle, also called the myocardium, is the largest muscle group and one of the three main types of heart muscles found only in human heart tissue. Cardiac muscle has two subtypes, namely cardiac myocytes and sarcomere myocytes; each subtype is made up of individual heart muscle cells called sarcomeres. This characteristic, however, also distinguishes it from smooth muscle, the next most common muscle group with only one sarcomere.
To understand how cardiac myocytes and sarcomere myocytes differ from each other, we need to understand what each of these myocardial muscles is capable of. Mice and rats have large heart muscles that provide the animals with heartbeats to pump blood throughout the body. But, despite such powerful muscle groups, these animals do not have high cardiac performance due to the fact that they lack myocardial muscle cells.
When the heart pumps through the body, it uses the heartbeat to force blood into the body. The more efficiently the heart contracts and then releases blood into the body, the less blood can flow out of the body during a heart attack. Thus, a highly efficient heart is good for a healthy person. But for a person with poor cardiac function, having a highly efficient heart would not be enough, because without sufficient contractions, the body cannot efficiently pump out the blood that the heart pumps.
As described above, cardiac myocytes are myocardial cells responsible for heart contractions. When cardiac myocytes are damaged, they lose contraction or become inhibited. However, the main one cause of damage to sarcomere myocytes
is associated with the destruction of the sarcomere, which is responsible for maintaining the contractility of myocytes.
The sarcomere, the most common sarcomere, is composed of calcium, phosphate, iron, and oxygen. When these substances are mixed in a certain proportion, they form a structure called a sarcomere polymer, which is able to contract and release calcium and phosphate ions to help myocytes contract.
Sarcomere myocytes cause myocardial contractions when the membrane of the sarreal cells of the myocardium is damaged. Since sarcomycytes cannot contract, the cell membrane of the myocardial sarcoma cannot contract either. or the cell walls of the sarcomere collapse, rendering contractions ineffective.
The cells of the myocardial sarcomere make up only a small part of the tissue of the heart muscle, which is called the sarcomere bundle, because the contractile unit of the sarcomere myocytes is located between the muscle cells of the myocardium and muscle tissues. Myocardial bundles, on the other hand, contain sarcomere myocyte cells. These bundles of sarcomeres connect myocytes to each other using sarcomere filaments, which are responsible for the contractile activity of myocytes. Inside the bundle are tissues and muscle tissues.
Heart muscle tissue and bundles of the heart play a very important role in the cardiovascular system. In addition to contracting myocardial muscle cells, bundles of the heart help pump blood throughout the body, removing waste products, oxygen, nutrients, and other materials that can affect blood flow to and from the various organelles in and out of the heart, and to facilitate blood flow. flow.
The tissue of the sarcomere and heart muscle also maintains the smoothness and elasticity of the heart wall. By preventing rupture of the heart walls, sarcomere tissue and heart muscle reduces the risk of coronary artery disease and heart attack. They can also prevent excessive wear and tear on the heart muscle tissue due to repetitive contractions. Thus, the heart muscles are responsible for the protection and maintenance of the heart muscle tissue, as well as for the smoothness and elasticity of the heart walls.
Sarcomere myocytes can be divided into two groups. The first group includes sarcomiocytes, which form myocardial sarcomeres and myocardial muscle fibers, and include myocardial sarcomeres, which form the myocardium and connect to the bundles of sarcomeres. The second group includes myocardial myocytes without sarcomeres, which consist of cardiomyocytes and cardiogenic myocardial sarcomeres.
Cardiac sarcomeres and sarcomeremyocytes form the main skeletal components of the myocardium, but cardiogenic sarcomeres, which are cardiogenic myocardial sarcomeres, make up the bulk of the myocardium (cardiac muscle) and supply motor, electrical and chemical signals to the sarcomeric myocytes and myocardium. sarcomeres, respectively. Cardiac myocytes release calcium, ATP and potassium ions to support contractions and provide energy for contractions.
The myocardial sarcomere cells in the heart muscle help create a contractile cycle by secreting ATP and K + ions, which provide a source of energy and nutrients for myocardial myocytes to contract. Cardiac myocytes and myocardial sarcomeres produce mechanical force through contractions.
